Objectives: Characterize the radiological features of CXRs
and cranial MRI in children with tuberculosis meningitis.
Methods: A prospective descriptive study of 100 consecutively
admitted children with a clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis meningitis from
September 2009 and March 2011 at Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital, HCMC.
Results: 42% (42/100) of children had abnormal chest X-rays
consistent with TB. 43 underwent cranial MRI before beginning treatment: 62%
(26/42) had basal meningeal enhancement, 44% (19/43) hydrocephalus, 30% (13/13)
infarctions and 14% (6/42) tuberculomas. Hydrocephalus at baseline was
associated with neurological squeal (p=0.01) but not mortality. Brain
infarctions and basal meningeal enhancements were not associated with mortality
(p=0.83, p=0.07) or disability (p=0.164, p=0.42).
Conclusions: Hydrocephalus was the most common serious
complication and strongly associated with long-term squeal. CXRs and CT/MRI can play a crucial role in TBM
diagnosis and finding massive hydrocephalus requiring VP shunt.
Key words: Tuberculosis meningitis, chest X-ray, CT/MRI.